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1 livelihood
livelihood [ˈlaɪvlɪhʊd]• his livelihood depends on... son gagne-pain dépend de...* * *['laɪvlɪhʊd]noun gagne-pain m -
2 livelihood
livelihood n gagne-pain m ; to lose/jeopardize one's livelihood perdre/mettre en danger ses moyens d'existence ; my livelihood depends on it mon gagne-pain en dépend. -
3 depend
intransitive verb1)depend [up]on — abhängen von
it [all] depends on whether/what/how... — das hängt [ganz] davon ab od. kommt ganz darauf an, ob/was/wie...
that depends — es kommt darauf an
depending on how... — je nachdem, wie...
depend [up]on — sich verlassen auf (+ Akk.); (have to rely on) angewiesen sein auf (+ Akk.)
* * *[di'pend]( with on)1) (to rely on: You can't depend on his arriving on time.) sich verlassen auf2) (to rely on receiving necessary (financial) support from: The school depends for its survival on money from the Church.) abhängen von3) ((of a future happening etc) to be decided by: Our success depends on everyone working hard.) abhängen von•- academic.ru/19651/dependable">dependable- dependant
- dependent
- it/that depends
- it all depends* * *de·pend[dɪˈpend]vi1. (rely on circumstance)can you lend me some money? — that \depends — how much? kannst du mir Geld leihen? — kommt darauf an — wie viel?the company's success \depends on getting that new account der Erfolg der Firma hängt davon ab, ob sie diesen neuen Kunden bekommtthat \depends on the weather das hängt vom Wetter ab▪ \depending on... je nachdem,...\depending on the weather je nachdem, wie das Wetter ist, je nach Wetterlage2. (get help from)▪ to \depend on sb/sth von jdm/etw abhängig seinto \depend heavily on sb dringend auf jdn angewiesen seinto \depend on sb/sth for one's livelihood finanziell auf jdn/etw angewiesen sein3. (rely on)* * *[dɪ'pend]vi1) (= be determined by) abhängen (on sb/sth von jdm/etw)the price depends on the quantity you buy — der Preis hängt von der Menge ab, die Sie kaufen
how long are you staying? – it depends — wie lange bleiben Sie? – das kommt darauf an
it all depends on... — das kommt ganz auf... an
depending on how late we arrive — je nachdem, wie spät wir ankommen
you may depend ( up)on his coming — Sie können sich darauf verlassen, dass er kommt
you can depend ( up)on it! —
you can depend (up)on it that he'll forget — du kannst dich darauf verlassen, dass er es vergisst
3)they have to depend on the grandparents for childcare — sie sind darauf angewiesen, dass die Großeltern sich um die Kinder kümmern
* * *depend [dıˈpend] v/i1. sich verlassen (on, upon auf akk):you may depend on it (on him) Sie können sich darauf (auf ihn) verlassen;depend on sb to do sth sich darauf verlassen, dass jemand etwas tut2. (on, upon) abhängen, abhängig sein (von):a) angewiesen sein (auf akk):b) ankommen (auf akk):it depends on his permission es hängt von seiner Erlaubnis ab;it depends on the circumstances es kommt auf die Umstände an, es hängt von den Umständen ab;that depends das kommt darauf an, je nachdem;depending on the quantity used je nach (der verwendeten) Menge;depending on whether je nachdem, ob3. untergeordnet sein (on, upon dat)5. herabhängen ( from von)* * *intransitive verb1)depend [up]on — abhängen von
it [all] depends on whether/what/how... — das hängt [ganz] davon ab od. kommt ganz darauf an, ob/was/wie...
depending on how... — je nachdem, wie...
2) (rely, trust)depend [up]on — sich verlassen auf (+ Akk.); (have to rely on) angewiesen sein auf (+ Akk.)
* * *(on) v.abhängen (von) v.sich verlassen (auf) v. -
4 depend
de·pend [dɪʼpend] vi1) ( rely on circumstance)to \depend on sth von etw dat abhängen;can you lend me some money? - that \depends - how much? kannst du mir Geld leihen? - kommt darauf an - wie viel?;the company's success \depends on getting that new account der Erfolg der Firma hängt davon ab, ob sie diesen neuen Kunden bekommt;that \depends on the weather das hängt vom Wetter ab;\depending on... je nachdem,...;\depending on the weather je nachdem, wie das Wetter ist, je nach Wetterlage2) ( get help from)to \depend on sb/ sth von jdm/etw abhängig sein;to \depend heavily on sb dringend auf jdn angewiesen sein;to \depend on sb/ sth for one's livelihood finanziell auf jdn/etw angewiesen sein3) ( rely on)you can \depend on her to be late sie kommt immer zu spät! -
5 Papin, Denis
SUBJECT AREA: Domestic appliances and interiors[br]b. 22 August 1647 Blois, Loire et Cher, Franced. 1712 London, England[br]French mathematician and physicist, inventor of the pressure-cooker.[br]Largely educated by his father, he worked for some time for Huygens at Ley den, then for a time in London where he assisted Robert Boyle with his experiments on the air pump. He supposedly invented the double-acting air pump. He travelled to Venice and worked there for a time, but was back in London in 1684 before taking up the position of Professor of Mathematics at the University of Marburg (in 1669 or 1670 he became a Doctor of Medicine at Angers), where he remained from 1687 to 1695. Then followed a period at Cassel, where he was employed by the Duke of Hesse. In this capacity he was much involved in the application of steam-power to pumping water for the Duke's garden fountains. Papin finally returned to London in 1707. He is best known for his "digester", none other than the domestic pressure-cooker. John Evelyn describes it in his diary (12 April 1682): "I went this Afternoone to a Supper, with severall of the R.Society, which was all dressed (both fish and flesh) in Monsieur Papins Digestorie; by which the hardest bones of Biefe itself, \& Mutton, were without water, or other liquor, \& with less than 8 ounces of Coales made as soft as Cheeze, produc'd an incredible quantity of Gravie…. This Philosophical Supper raised much mirth among us, \& exceedingly pleased all the Companie." The pressure-cooker depends on the increase in the boiling point of water with increase of pressure. To avoid the risk of the vessel exploding, Papin devised a weight-loaded lever-type safety valve.There are those who would claim that Papin preceded Newcomen as the true inventor of the steam engine. There is no doubt that as early as 1690 Papin had the idea of an atmospheric engine, in which a piston in a cylinder is forced upwards by expanding steam and then returned by the weight of the atmosphere upon the piston, but he lacked practical engineering skill such as was necessary to put theory into practice. The story is told of his last trip from Cassel, when returning to England. It is said that he built his own steamboat, intending to make the whole journey by this means, ending with a triumphal journey up the Thames. However, boatmen on the river Weser, thinking that the steamboat threatened their livelihood, attacked it and broke it up. Papin had to travel by more orthodox means. Papin is said to have co-operated with Thomas Savery in the development of the lat-ter's steam engine, on which he was working c. 1705.[br]Further ReadingCharles-Armand Klein, 1987, Denis Papin: Illustre savant blaisois, Chambray, France: CLD.A.P.M.Fleming and H.R.S.Brocklehurst, 1925, A History of Engineering.Sigvar Strandh, 1979, Machines, Mitchell Beazley.IMcN
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